冷燙印和傳統(tǒng)燙印對(duì)比
來源：http://www.chester-box.com.cn/ 發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-12-25
傳統(tǒng)型燙印電化鋁一般由5層材料組成，分別是基膜層(片基層)、脫離層(分離層)、染色層(保護(hù)層)、鍍鋁層、膠粘層等。
Traditional hot stamping anodized aluminum is generally composed of 5 layers of materials, including base film layer (sheet base), separation layer (separation layer), dyeing layer (protective layer), aluminum plating layer, adhesive layer, etc.
燙印時(shí)，電化鋁分離層、膠粘層受熱熔化，在壓力作用下，完成分離層與基膜層的分離，實(shí)現(xiàn)鋁箔色料層轉(zhuǎn)印。
During hot stamping, the electrochemical aluminum separation layer and adhesive layer are heated and melted. Under the action of pressure, the separation layer and the base film layer are separated to realize the transfer of aluminum foil pigment layer.
冷燙金所用電化鋁結(jié)構(gòu)上與傳統(tǒng)電化鋁基本一致。
The structure of anodized aluminum used in cold stamping gold is basically the same as that of traditional anodized aluminum.
其背面不涂膠，粘合劑在印刷時(shí)直接印刷或涂布在需要裝飾的承印物預(yù)定位置上。轉(zhuǎn)印時(shí)，電化鋁在壓力作用，同粘合劑接觸、干燥，并在粘合劑的作用下，完成電化鋁色料層轉(zhuǎn)印。
The back is not coated with glue, and the adhesive is directly printed or coated on the predetermined position of the substrate to be decorated during printing. During the transfer, the anodized aluminum contacts and dries with the adhesive under the action of pressure, and completes the transfer of the anodized color layer under the action of the adhesive.
傳統(tǒng)型電化鋁燙印，需預(yù)先根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的圖文采用腐蝕法或電子雕刻等方式制作燙印模版，一般模版多為一塊金屬凸版或陰陽嚙合的兩塊模版，金屬凸版多為銅板或銅鋅合金版等，也有少量的其他材質(zhì)，另一塊多為高分子材料制作，考慮到燙印時(shí)容易磨損，故制版時(shí)數(shù)量相對(duì)較多。燙印時(shí)，將燙印模版安裝在燙印設(shè)備上，通過加熱系統(tǒng)和壓力完成電化鋁分離層、膠粘層的熔化及轉(zhuǎn)印。工藝目前較為成熟，設(shè)備種類較多，生產(chǎn)效率也較高。
For traditional anodized hot stamping, it is necessary to make hot stamping templates by means of corrosion method or electronic engraving in advance according to the designed pictures and texts. Generally, the templates are mostly one metal relief plate or two templates with Yin and Yang engaged. The metal relief plate is mostly copper plate or copper zinc alloy plate, and there are also a small amount of other materials. The other is mostly made of polymer materials. Considering that it is easy to wear during hot stamping, Therefore, the number of plate making is relatively large. During hot stamping, the hot stamping template is installed on the hot stamping equipment, and the melting and transfer of electrochemical aluminum separation layer and adhesive layer are completed through heating system and pressure. At present, the process is relatively mature, there are many types of equipment and high production efficiency.
其燙印工藝流程包括燙印前準(zhǔn)備工作、裝版、墊版、燙印工藝參數(shù)確定(溫度、壓力、時(shí)間)、試燙、簽樣、正式燙印等多個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。
The hot stamping process includes preparation before hot stamping, plate loading, plate pad, determination of hot stamping process parameters (temperature, pressure, time), trial ironing, sample signing, formal hot stamping and so on.
結(jié)合電化鋁冷燙印工藝原理設(shè)計(jì)其燙印工藝流程，如圖5所示。通過流程圖可以清楚的看到冷燙印工藝主要包括產(chǎn)品多色印刷、膠粘劑印刷、適當(dāng)干燥、冷燙印、復(fù)合保護(hù)層等。其原理是通過預(yù)先在承印物上印刷膠粘劑，在通過膠粘劑的粘附性能在壓力作用下將冷燙型電化鋁需要的部分(即圖文部分)轉(zhuǎn)印到承印物表面，形成圖文，考慮到圖文附著效果不佳，通過后續(xù)的表面上光、覆膜等印后加工工藝技術(shù)改善其在承印物表面的附著效果，提高產(chǎn)品燙印質(zhì)量。
Combined with the principle of electrochemical aluminum cold hot stamping process, the hot stamping process is designed, as shown in Figure 5. It can be clearly seen from the flow chart that the cold hot stamping process mainly includes product multi-color printing, adhesive printing, proper drying, cold hot stamping, composite protective layer, etc. The principle is that the adhesive is printed on the substrate in advance, and the part required by cold hot anodized aluminum (i.e. picture and text part) is transferred to the substrate surface under pressure through the adhesion performance of the adhesive to form a picture and text. Considering the poor picture and text adhesion effect, the adhesion effect on the substrate surface is improved through subsequent surface polishing, film coating and other post printing processing technologies, Improve product hot stamping quality.
冷燙金常見工藝步驟一般為：印刷∪V油墨。烘干后，在油墨外表必要燙金的部位印刷特種粘合劑—UV固化粘合劑;而后通過UV干燥裝置將粘合劑水分去除到一定程度，形成一層高粘度，非常薄的壓敏膠層;開始冷燙印，在一對(duì)金屬滾筒壓力作用下，使鋁箔同粘合劑緊密接觸并壓合為一體。由于粘合劑同鋁箔之間粘結(jié)力較大，所以排廢時(shí)，鋁箔與粘合劑接觸的部位留在印品承印物表面，形成了預(yù)定的圖文，而鋁箔的其它部分與傳統(tǒng)燙印一樣被排廢。生產(chǎn)過程中發(fā)現(xiàn):采用此種工藝轉(zhuǎn)印的色料層在印刷品表面附著牢固度較差，必須采取相應(yīng)的工藝加以保護(hù)，否則較易磨損。一般印刷企業(yè)采取在印品表面上光或覆膜等工藝加以保護(hù)冷燙印。
The common process steps of cold stamping gold are generally as follows: first, print ∪ V ink. After drying, the special adhesive UV curing adhesive shall be printed on the necessary bronzing part of the ink surface; Then, the moisture of the adhesive is removed to a certain extent through the UV drying device to form a layer of high viscosity and very thin pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; Start cold hot stamping. Under the pressure of a pair of metal rollers, the aluminum foil is in close contact with the adhesive and pressed into one. Due to the large adhesive force between the adhesive and the aluminum foil, when discharging, the contact part between the aluminum foil and the adhesive remains on the surface of the printed substrate to form a predetermined picture and text, while other parts of the aluminum foil are discharged like traditional hot stamping. In the production process, it is found that the pigment layer transferred by this process has poor adhesion on the surface of the printed matter, and corresponding processes must be taken to protect it, otherwise it is easy to wear. General printing enterprises adopt processes such as polishing or coating on the surface of printed products to protect cold hot stamping.
傳統(tǒng)型燙印產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量主要受到加工設(shè)備、燙印材料、燙印工藝技術(shù)參數(shù)及人為操作等要素決定。傳統(tǒng)型電化鋁燙印經(jīng)過近年來的廣泛使用和工藝技術(shù)人才的不斷改進(jìn)，目前已經(jīng)工藝成熟度已經(jīng)較為成熟，尤其是加工設(shè)備、燙印材料等，只要在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過程中有效的控制和調(diào)節(jié)好燙印工藝參數(shù)，一般就可以生產(chǎn)出高質(zhì)量的燙印產(chǎn)品。
The quality of traditional hot stamping products is mainly determined by processing equipment, hot stamping materials, technical parameters of hot stamping process and human operation. After the extensive use of traditional anodized hot stamping in recent years and the continuous improvement of process and technical personnel, the process maturity has been relatively mature, especially the processing equipment and hot stamping materials. As long as the hot stamping process parameters are effectively controlled and adjusted in the actual production process, high-quality hot stamping products can generally be produced.
冷燙印質(zhì)量影響因素
Influencing factors of cold hot stamping quality
總體來說，影響冷燙印產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的主要因素總體上和傳統(tǒng)工藝基本相同，但是就具體的加工工藝參數(shù)而言，差異較大，主要是設(shè)備的加工材料不同，包括膠粘劑的選擇和適度干燥、燙印壓力收卷速度、UV干燥及后續(xù)表面保護(hù)工藝等，都會(huì)嚴(yán)重的影響燙印質(zhì)量和燙印效果。冷燙金工藝受粘合劑、金屬箔等條件的限制，存在以下缺點(diǎn)和不足。
Generally speaking, the main factors affecting the quality of cold hot stamping products are basically the same as the traditional process, but the specific processing process parameters are quite different, mainly due to the different processing materials of the equipment, including the selection and moderate drying of adhesive, hot stamping pressure, winding speed, UV drying and subsequent surface protection process, Will seriously affect the hot stamping quality and hot stamping effect. The cold stamping process is limited by the conditions such as adhesive and metal foil, and has the following disadvantages and deficiencies.
附著不牢
Loose adhesion
印刷品冷燙金后必須上光或覆膜，用以保護(hù)燙金圖紋，增加了燙金成本和工藝的復(fù)雜性。
Printed matter must be polished or covered with film after cold stamping to protect the bronzing pattern, which increases the bronzing cost and process complexity.
部分燙印材料不合適
Some hot stamping materials are inappropriate
冷燙金工藝不適合應(yīng)用在有收縮特性的薄膜材料上，如PVC、PE等材料。
Cold stamping process is not suitable for film materials with shrinkage characteristics, such as PVC, PE and other materials.
光澤效果略差
The gloss effect is slightly poor
由于UV粘合劑流平性差，所以干燥后的表面有些不是平面，導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)移在其上面的金屬箔表面亮度差，有慢反射現(xiàn)象，冷燙金的效果不如傳統(tǒng)的熱燙金。
Due to the poor leveling of UV adhesive, some of the dried surface is not flat, resulting in poor brightness and slow reflection on the surface of the metal foil transferred on it. The effect of cold bronzing is not as good as that of traditional hot bronzing.
采用傳統(tǒng)的燙金工藝制作金屬版滾筒需要一到兩個(gè)星期。而冷燙金制版僅需很短的時(shí)間，使生產(chǎn)周期大大縮短。
It takes one to two weeks to make a metal plate cylinder using the traditional bronzing process. Cold stamping plate making takes only a short time, which greatly shortens the production cycle.
適用面廣
Wide application
冷燙金的材料適用面廣，如可在熱敏類紙張和一部分薄膜材料上進(jìn)行冷燙金。使用一般柔印版代替昂貴的金屬版滾筒，所以大大降低了燙金版的制作成本。
Cold stamping materials have a wide range of applications, such as cold stamping on thermal paper and some film materials. The use of general flexo printing plate instead of expensive metal plate cylinder greatly reduces the production cost of bronzing plate.
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